Markus Fierz, Wolfgang Pauli and J.Hans D. Jensen.
| Nummer | B585 |
| Type | Billeder |
| Beskrivelse | Markus Fierz, Wolfgang Pauli and J.Hans D. Jensen in the canteen at the University of Copenhagen Institute for Theoretical Physics. (UITF - Universitetets Institut for Teoretisk Fysik). |
| Bemærkning | Markus Eduard Fierz (1912 -2006) was a Swiss physicist.
He attended the University of Göttingen, Germany, in 1931 studying physics and biology. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Fierz returned to Zürich to major in physics under the guidance of Gregor Wentzel at the University of Zürich and Wolfgang Pauli at ETH. In his doctoral dissertation, completed in 1936 under the supervision of Wentzel, Fierz discovered the infrared catastrophe in the description of scattering processes of relativistic charged particles. Fierz spent the 1936 summer term in Germany at the University of Leipzig’s Institute for Theoretical Physics, headed by Werner Heisenberg, then returned to Zürich to become Pauli’s assistant. In 1937, in his work on Fermi’s theory of beta decay, Fierz succeeded in reducing to five the number of invariant matrix elements without derivative couplings using what are now called Fierz transformations. In 1938 Pauli and Fierz studied what is now known as the Pauli–Fierz model of a nonrelativistic electron coupled to the radiation field. Fierz’s most important result, accomplished in 1939, was his proof of the general connection of spin and statistics of elementary particles, namely Bose–Einstein statistics for integer spin and Fermi–Dirac statistics for half-integer spin. Fierz received the Max Planck Medal for this work in 1979. Between 1943 and 1959, he was a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Basel, then served as the director of CERN’s theory division for one year. ‘ After he retired from ETH in 1977, Fierz was intensely preoccupied with the history of science. His 1977 book on Girolamo Cardano describes the center of Italy’s intellectual life two generations before Galileo. Wolfgang Pauli (1900 - 1958) studied at the Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich under Arnold Sommerfeld. He wrote his first paper on quantum physics in June 1920, a work on the magnetic properties of matter. Pauli received his doctorate, which had been supervised by Arnold Sommerfeld, in July 1921, for a thesis on the quantum theory of ionised molecular hydrogen. Two months after the award of his doctorate Pauli's survey of the theory of relativity was published. His genius was immediately recognised by Einstein. Pauli was then appointed to Göttingen University, where he first met Niels Bohr. He eagerly accepted an invitation to the year 1922-23 at Bohr's Institute. He is best known for the Pauli exclusion principle, proposed in 1925, which states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1945. Johannes Hans D. Jensen (1907 - 1973) was a German physicist. From 1926 he studied physics, mathematics, physical chemistry and philosophy at the Universities of Hamburg and Freiburg in Br. He obtained his Ph.D. in 1932 in Hamburg. He became Scientific Assistant at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Hamburg. In 1936 he obtained a D. Sc. in Hamburg and became Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Technische Hochschule in Hannover in 1941. In 1949 he was appointed Professor at the University of Heidelberg where he remained until 1969. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1963. From 1965, the University of Copenhagen Institute for Theoretical Physics. (UITF - Universitetets Institut for Teoretisk Fysik) was renamed the Niels Bohr Institute (NBI). |
| Årstal | 1936 |
| Dateringsnote | The picture is taken during the 1936 Copenhagen conference. |
| Fotograf | Ukendt |
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| Arkiv | Niels Bohr Archive |
