Sofie Hellmann, Anna Kramers, Margrethe Bohr and Lise Meitner.
| Nummer | B329 |
| Type | Billeder |
| Beskrivelse | Sofie Hellmann, Anna Kramers (wife of Hendrik Kramers), Margrethe Bohr and Lise Meitner, Denmark. |
| Bemærkning | Sofie Hellmann (1894 -1979) had been the secretary at the University of Munich but was forced to flee Germany in 1934. She came to the UITF in 1935 and worked as personal secretary for Niels Bohr.
She was instrumental in preparing many of Bohrs manuscripts for posthumous publication and in the foundation of the Niels Bohr Archive. She shared a home with Hilde Levi from the mid 1930's onwards. Lise Meitner (1878 - 1968) was an Austrian physicist. She obtained her doctorate degree in 1906 at the University of Vienna. She went to Berlin in 1907 to study with Max Planck and the chemist Otto Hahn. She worked together with Hahn for 30 years, studying radioactivity, with her knowledge of physics and his knowledge of chemistry. In 1923, Meitner discovered the radiationless transition known as the Auger effect , which is named for Pierre Victor Auger, a French scientist who discovered the effect two years later. After Austria was annexed by Germany in 1938, Meitner was forced to flee Germany for Sweden. Hahn and Meitner met clandestinely in Copenhagen in November 1938 to plan a new round of experiments. The experiments that provided the evidence for nuclear fission were done at Hahn's laboratory in Berlin and published in January 1939. In February 1939, Meitner published the physical explanation for the observations and, with her nephew, physicist Otto Frisch, named the process nuclear fission. The discovery led other scientists to prompt Albert Einstein to write President Franklin D. Roosevelt a warning letter, which led to the Manhattan Project. In 1944, Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his research into fission, but Meitner was ignored . Meitner retired to Cambridge, England, in 1960.In 1992, element 109, the heaviest known element in the universe, was named Meitnerium (Mt) in her honour. OLDe032 |
| Årstal | 1936 |
| Dateringsnote | The picture was taken during the 1936 Copenhagen Conference. |
| Fotograf | Ukendt |
| Arkiv | Niels Bohr Archive |
